What is a varicocele?
A varicocele is an enlargement of the veins draining the testicle, much like varicose veins in the leg. It is most common on the left side and can cause a dull ache or heaviness, a visible bag of veins, or be found during evaluation for infertility.
Diagnosis
A scrotal Doppler ultrasound confirms the varicocele and measures reflux in the veins. Treatment is usually considered for pain, abnormal semen analysis in couples trying to conceive, or reduced testicular size in adolescents.
How embolisation works
Through a needle puncture in the neck, arm or groin, a catheter is guided into the testicular vein under X-ray. The vein is closed with tiny coils and/or a sclerosant so blood takes normal routes instead. There is no cut in the groin or scrotum.
Recovery
It is a day-care procedure under local anaesthesia. Most men return to desk work within a day or two and to exercise within about a week.
Frequently asked questions
Is embolisation as effective as surgery?
Success rates of embolisation are comparable to surgical varicocele repair in published studies, with a quicker recovery. Your options are discussed at consultation.
Does it affect fertility?
In men with a varicocele and abnormal semen parameters, treatment may improve semen quality. Results vary from person to person.
This page is for general education and is not a substitute for medical advice. Treatment depends on your examination and test results.